2A+Physics

= = toc = Motion and forces =

distinguish between scalar and vector quantities, and //add and subtract vectors in one dimension//  describe and apply the concepts of distance and displacement, speed and velocity, and acceleration for uniform and uniformly accelerated rectilinear motion, including vertical motion under gravity—this will include //applying the relationships//:

· state, explain and apply Newton's First, Second and Third Laws of Motion—this will include //applying the relationship:// · describe, explain and use gravitational fields to explain weight as the force on a mass in a gravitational field. This will include //applying the relationship:// · draw free body diagrams, showing the forces acting on objects, from descriptions of real life situations involving forces acting in one or two dimensions · describe and apply the law of conservation of momentum in one dimension—this will include //applying the relationships//:

· explain and apply the concepts of energy and work, including kinetic energy, gravitational potential energy and internal energy · state, explain and apply the principle of conservation of energy in situations involving transfer of energy, and work—this will include //applying the relationships//: explain and apply that power is the rate of doing work or transferring energy—this will include //applying such relationships as//: = = = ** Nuclear physics ** = · describe and explain models of the structure of the atom · investigate historical perspectives on the nature of matter · explain and apply the concepts of atomic number, mass number, isotope, atomic mass unit and nuclide · explain that many nuclides are unstable and that these nuclides decay · explain and apply the //differences and similarities in the nature and properties of// // a ////, //// b //// and //// g //// radiation // · write and interpret equations relating to alpha, beta and gamma decay · explain that ionising radiation causes atoms to lose electrons, and thus become charged · explain and apply the concepts of //half-life, activity, dose and dose equivalent//, and //describe the effects of ionising radiation on humans//—this will include //applying the relationships:// absorbed dose and dose equivalent = absorbed dose x quality factor · explain and apply the concepts of mass defect and binding energy of nuclides—this will include //applying the relationships:// //and that 1 u of mass is equivalent to 931 MeV of energy// · explain the concepts of neutron-induced fission, chain reactions and critical mass · explain and apply the concept of variation in binding energy per nucleon of nuclides to explain the release of energy by both fission and fusion processes—this will include //applying the relationships:// and that //1 u of mass is equivalent to 931 MeV of energy// · explain that //energy released during nuclear fission// can be used to generate electrical energy in the same way as the energy released by burning fossil fuels · explain that //energy produced by nuclear fusion// is the ultimate source of solar energy—this will include //applying the relationships:// //and that 1 u of mass is equivalent to 931 MeV of energy// · describe and explain both advantages and disadvantages of nuclear power stations and other applications of nuclear technology.